How to start Android Terminal Emulator as root

UPDATE: This method seems to be causing the app to crash for some folks. I haven’t used the feature in a while and am unaware of a workaround.

You probably know the su or sudocommands on Linux, but those don’t seem to work in the Android terminal.* Fortunately, you can get around that via a terminal emulator setting. Here’s how to do that:

Install Android Terminal Emulator.

Open the above.

Tap the options menu icon.

Tap Preferences.

Scroll down to Shell.

Tap Command line.

Enter /system/xbin/su -c "/system/xbin/bash -" as shown below.

One thing Android does have in common with desktop Linux is even the simplest things are always unnecessarily complicated for the sake of engineering ideological purism.

Tap OK.

Back out of Preferences.

Close the terminal window.

Restart the app.

Approve the root permissions request that pops up.

You’ll now have superuser permissions every time you start the terminal.

Thanks bitmaster2000 for the method.

 

*I suspect the main reason for this is Android doesn’t handle user/administrator/root accounts in the same manner desktop Linux does. On Android every app is a user in Linux parlance, while Android users are something else entirely.

Source: https://www.google.com/amp/s/jdrch.wordpress.com/2016/04/26/how-to-start-android-terminal-emulator-as-root/amp/

Sharing laptop's Internet with an Android device via an USB cable.

Step1. Connect your Android device to the laptop with an USB cable.

Step2. Tap "Settings" >> Tap "More..." >> Tick the "USB tethering" option. >> Choose a version of windows for your computer, then tap"next" >> tap "Done".

Step3. Share your laptop's Internet connection with an Android device via an USB cable. 

            a. Open the " Network and Sharing Center". 

            b. Make sure the naming of the Android device.

            c. Click the Internet which you want to share with the Android device.

            

              

             d. Click [Properties]

            

             

             e.

              1. Click [Sharing]

              2. Check [Allow other network users to connect through this computer's Internet connection]. 

              3. Select the naming of the Android device from step3.

              4. Click [OK]

             

Step4. You should be able to browse the internet on your Android device. 

             

Note: This information may not suitable for all the products from the same category/series. Some of the screen shots and operations could be different from the software versions.

Arduino

What is Arduino?

Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software. Arduino boards are able to read inputs - light on a sensor, a finger on a button, or a Twitter message - and turn it into an output - activating a motor, turning on an LED, publishing something online. You can tell your board what to do by sending a set of instructions to the microcontroller on the board. To do so you use the Arduino Programming Language (based on Wiring), and the Arduino Software(IDE), based on Processing.

Why Arduino?

Thanks to its simple and accessible user experience, Arduino has been used in thousands of different projects and applications. The Arduino software is easy-to-use for beginners, yet flexible enough for advanced users. It runs on Mac, Windows, and Linux.

There are many other microcontrollers and microcontroller platforms available for physical computing. Parallax Basic Stamp, Netmedia's BX-24, Phidgets, MIT's Handyboard, and many others offer similar functionality. All of these tools take the messy details of microcontroller programming and wrap it up in an easy-to-use package. Arduino also simplifies the process of working with microcontrollers, but it offers some advantage for teachers, students, and interested amateurs over other systems.

How do I use Arduino?Website

See the getting started guide. If you are looking for inspiration you can find a great variety of Tutorials on Arduino Project Hub.

Website:-  Arduino.cc

BiCMOS (BJT+CMOS)

BiCMOS

BiCMOS is an evolved semiconductor technology that integrates two formerly separate semiconductor technologies, those of the bipolar junction transistor and the CMOS transistor, in a single integrated circuit device.

 Bipolar junction transistors offer high speed, high gain, and low output resistance, which are excellent properties for high-frequency analog amplifiers, whereas CMOS technology offers high input resistance and is excellent for constructing simple, low-power logic gates. For as long as the two types of transistors have existed in production, designers of circuits utilizing discrete components have realized the advantages of integrating the two technologies; however, lacking implementation in integrated circuits, the application of this free-form design was restricted to fairly simple circuits. Discrete circuits of hundreds or thousands of transistors quickly expand to occupy hundreds or thousands of square centimeters of circuit board area, and for very high-speed circuits such as those used in modern digital computers, the distance between transistors (and the minimum capacitance of the connections between them) also makes the desired speeds grossly unattainable, so that if these designs cannot be built as integrated circuits, then they simply cannot be built.

In the 1990s, modern integrated circuit fabrication technologies began to make BiCMOS a reality. This technology rapidly found application in amplifiers and analog power management circuits, and has some advantages in digital logic. BiCMOS circuits use the characteristics of each type of transistor most appropriately. Generally this means that high current circuits use metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFETs) for efficient control, and portions of specialized very high performance circuits use bipolar devices. Examples of this include radio frequency (RF) oscillators, bandgap-based references and low-noise circuits.

The Pentium, Pentium Pro, and SuperSPARC microprocessors also used BiCMOS.

Advantages:

                In general, BiCMOS devices offer many advantages where high load current sinking and sourcing is required. The high current gain of the NPN transistor greatly improves the output drive capability of a conventional CMOS device.

                MOS speed depends on device parameters such as saturation current and capacitance. These in turn depend on oxide thickness, substrate doping and channel length.

Compared to CMOS, BiCMOS’s reduced dependence on capacitive load and the multiple circuit and I/Os configurations possible greatly enhance design flexibility and can lead to reduced cycle time (i.e., faster circuits).

               BiCMOS is inherently robust with respect to temperature and process variations, resulting in less variability in final electrical parameters, resulting in higher yield, an important economic consideration.

            Large circuits can impose severe performance penalties due to simultaneously switching noise, internal clock skews and high nodal capacitances in critical paths - BiCMOS has demonstrated superiority over CMOS in all of these factors.

          BiCMOS can take advantage of any advances in CMOS and/or bipolar technology, greatly accelerating the learning curve normally associated with new technologies.

Disadvantages:

              BiCMOS as a fabrication process is not currently as commercially viable for some applications, such as microprocessors, as with exclusively BJT or CMOS fabrication. Unfortunately, many of the advantages of CMOS fabrication, for example, do not transfer directly to BiCMOS fabrication.

               An inherent difficulty arises from the fact that optimizing both the BJT and MOS components of the process is impossible without adding many extra fabrication steps and consequently increasing the process cost. Finally, in the area of high performance logic, BiCMOS may never offer the (relatively) low power consumption of CMOS alone, due to the potential for higher standby leakage current.

                An exclusive mix of BiCMOS and CMOS has appeal if the performance attributes of each type of gate can be optimized. But since CMOS is already ideal for pure digital logic, this is only a serious issue when it is desirable to put logic circuits together on the same chip with other circuits that are not strictly logic: either for the purpose of a mixed-signal application, or simply to reduce the chip count in an electronic product by combining two chips into one, in order to reduce cost, size, and/or weight.